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If a candidate's certification has expired for one year or more, what is true about their situation?

  1. They can apply for an extension

  2. They may not renew the certification

  3. They can continue working with a temporary license

  4. They must retake the entire training course

The correct answer is: They may not renew the certification

In the scenario where a candidate’s certification has been expired for one year or more, the fact that they may not renew the certification accurately reflects the consequences of neglecting the renewal process. Most jurisdictions have specific rules regarding certification renewals, and typically, if a certification is allowed to lapse for a significant period, such as a year, the individual would not be eligible for renewal. Instead, they would face more stringent re-certification requirements. This often entails more than simply filling out a form or paying a fee; it can require proving recent competency or completing an entire retraining process. Although the specific rules can vary between states or organizations, it’s generally acknowledged in the field that maintaining certification requires adherence to active renewal processes to ensure that practitioners stay current with necessary skills and knowledge. The other options present situations that are generally not permitted under current norms for lapsed certifications. An extension might be granted in specific circumstances, but it is typically not applicable if the certification has expired by a year. Likewise, working with a temporary license is usually restricted to individuals who have not allowed their certification to lapse significantly. Finally, while it is possible that retaking courses may be necessary, in this case, stating that they must retake the entire training course is not